Rats

Rats can be serious pests. Some carry diseases and they can eat and damage fruit and other crops in the garden. If they find a way inside they can contaminate food and utensils.

Rats are most active at night. You may see them during the day if they are searching for food.

Avoiding rat problems

Deny rats food

• Regularly rake up and dispose of fallen fruit from fruit and nut trees
• Keep chicken coops and bird aviaries clean, remove excess seed or food
• Ensure that compost bins are rat proof and that scraps are not left where rats can gain access. Meat scraps should never be composted
• Keep animal food in rat-proof containers and wash pet food bowls after pets have finished eating.

Deny rats shelter

• Clear your house and land of all rubbish, timber and building material or stack it at least 40cm off the ground and away from fences
• Keep vegetation under control. Keep lawns short and remove garden refuse
• Keep your garage and shed neat and tidy
• Repair holes or other access points around buildings, fences and concrete slabs.

Managing rat problems

Baiting

Rodent baits are a common and effective way of controlling rats. For best results, place baits in one or two locations where rats commonly travel. Baiting for at least two weeks is recommended to reduce rat numbers. Most deaths occur about seven days after consumption, although it can take up to two weeks.

While baits are an important form of pest control, it is essential to choose products that minimise the risk of secondary poisoning to native wildlife. Each year, many native animals are harmed or killed after eating rodents that have consumed poison. Birds and mammals can be particularly affected when they prey on poisoned mice or rats.

When buying pest control products, always read the label and avoid those containing brodifacoum, sometimes referred to as a second-generation bait. These poisons can persist in the liver of animals, increasing the risk of secondary poisoning along the food chain.

For more information about the impacts of Second-generation Anticoagulant Rodenticides (SGARs) on wildlife and pets, and alternative rodent control methods, visit the BirdLife Australia website. 

Precautions when using bait

• Ensure you read safety directions and understand the manufacturer’s directions before using bait
• Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water after contact with bait
• Don’t allow bait to contaminate food intended for human consumption
• Ensure baits are placed in locations not accessible to children
• Ensure baits are not accessible to pets, native animals or poultry.

Trapping

‘Back-breaker’ traps can be used instead of poison. Lure the rats, using scraps of bacon or sausage, nuts, fruit, peanut butter and pumpkin seeds.

For further information relating to rat control, please visit the Department of Health website.